A WAN (Wide Area Network) is a telecommunications network that connects computers and other devices over large geographical areas, such as cities, countries, or even continents. It allows users in different locations to communicate, access data, and share resources as if they were in the same physical location.
🔑 Key Features of WAN:
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Large Area Coverage
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Covers multiple cities, countries, or the entire globe.
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Example: The Internet is the largest WAN in existence.
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Long-Distance Communication
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Connects branch offices, remote employees, and global partners.
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Use of Public and Private Infrastructure
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Uses a mix of public telecommunication lines, fiber optics, satellites, and leased lines.
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Slower Speeds Compared to LAN
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Typically slower and more expensive due to the long distances involved and reliance on external service providers.
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🧩 Components of a WAN:
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Routers: Direct data between different networks and manage data traffic.
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Modems: Convert digital data to signals suitable for long-distance transmission.
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Leased lines or VPNs: Securely connect distant locations.
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Satellite and fiber optic links: Used for global transmission.
✅ Advantages of WAN:
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Connects distant locations (e.g., headquarters with international branches)
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Centralized data access for globally dispersed users
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Supports collaboration across borders
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Scalable for large organizations
❌ Disadvantages of WAN:
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Higher setup and maintenance cost
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Slower speed compared to LAN or MAN
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Dependence on external providers for connection reliability and performance
🏢 Common Uses of WAN:
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Multinational companies: Connecting offices in different countries
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Banks: Linking ATMs and branches
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Governments: Coordinating nationwide services and databases
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Educational institutions: Providing access to shared academic resources