➡️ What is First Aid?
First Aid is the immediate help you give to someone who is hurt or suddenly sick — before professional medical help arrives.
🆘 Main Goals of First Aid
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Save life
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Prevent the situation from getting worse
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Help the person recover
🛠️ Basic First Aid Steps (DRABC)
| Step | Meaning | Action |
|---|---|---|
| D – Danger | Check for danger | Make sure the area is safe for you and the injured person. |
| R – Response | Check for response | Gently shake and shout: "Are you okay?" |
| A – Airway | Open the airway | Tilt the head back and lift the chin. |
| B – Breathing | Check for breathing | Look, listen, and feel for breaths. |
| C – Circulation/CPR | Start CPR if needed | If no breathing, start chest compressions and rescue breaths. |
🩹 Common First Aid Situations and What to Do
| Situation | What to Do |
|---|---|
| Bleeding | Press firmly on the wound with clean cloth; keep pressure until bleeding stops. |
| Burns | Cool the burn with running water for at least 10 minutes; cover loosely. |
| Fractures (Broken Bone) | Keep the injured part still; use a splint if trained. |
| Choking (Adult) | Give 5 back blows + 5 abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver). |
| Heart Attack | Call emergency services; help the person rest and stay calm. |
| Shock | Lay the person down, elevate legs if possible, cover with a blanket. |
| Seizure | Protect from injury; don't put anything in their mouth; call help if seizure lasts more than 5 minutes. |
| Poisoning | Call emergency services immediately; do not make the person vomit unless told. |
| Heatstroke | Move to shade; cool the body with water and fan air. |
| Hypothermia | Move to warmth; cover with dry blankets; don't rub skin. |
🧤 First Aid Kit Essentials
Here’s what a basic First Aid Kit should have:
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Adhesive bandages (plasters)
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Sterile gauze pads and bandages
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Antiseptic wipes
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Tweezers
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Scissors
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Medical gloves
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CPR face shield
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Painkillers (like paracetamol or ibuprofen)
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Burn cream
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Instant cold packs
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Elastic bandages
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Emergency blanket
🚑 Important First Aid Terms
(Short list recap)
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CPR – Chest compressions + rescue breathing
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AED – Machine that helps restart a heart
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Heimlich Maneuver – Technique to help a choking person
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Shock – Condition from low blood flow
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Fracture – Broken bone
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Burn – Injury from heat or chemicals
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Seizure – Sudden uncontrolled shaking
✅ Golden Rules of First Aid
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Stay calm.
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Keep yourself safe first.
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Call for professional help.
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Comfort and reassure the injured person.
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Never give food or drink to someone who is unconscious or seriously injured.