Full Name: Sir Isaac Newton
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Born: January 4, 1643, in Woolsthorpe, England
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Died: March 31, 1727
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Fields: Physics, Mathematics, Astronomy, Natural Philosophy
🔬 Major Discoveries by Newton
| Discovery | What It Means | Why It’s Important |
|---|---|---|
| Three Laws of Motion | Explain how objects move under force (F = ma) | Foundation of physics, mechanics, and engineering |
| Law of Universal Gravitation | Every object attracts every other object with a force | Explains orbits, falling objects, tides |
| Optics (Light and Color) | White light contains all colors of the rainbow | Laid the foundation for modern optics |
| Reflecting Telescope | Uses mirrors instead of lenses for clearer images | Improved astronomy observations |
| Calculus (with Leibniz) | A system for studying change (derivatives & integrals) | Backbone of modern mathematics and physics |
📘 Famous Book
Title: Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687)
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Also called “Principia”
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Included his laws of motion and gravity
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One of the most important scientific books in history
🍏 Fun Facts
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Legend says he thought about gravity when an apple fell from a tree
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He was the head of the Royal Mint and helped stop coin counterfeiters
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He was knighted by Queen Anne in 1705 — became “Sir Isaac Newton”
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Buried in Westminster Abbey, London — near kings and poets
🧠 Famous Quote
❝If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.❞
✅ Why Newton Matters Today
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His laws still apply to cars, rockets, planets, machines, and sports
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He helped turn science into a systematic, logical method of discovery
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His work inspired generations of scientists, inventors, and thinkers